Startup tax

Startup Tax Planning

Entity strategy, Delaware franchise tax, §174 R&D capitalization, the R&D tax credit, QSBS, and multi-state nexus — coordinated from incorporation through exit.

What you get

Four levers most startups underuse

Entity & Delaware

C-corp vs. LLC, S-elections, and Delaware franchise tax filed under assumed-par.

R&D credit + §174

Federal R&D credit, payroll-tax offset, and five-year §174 amortization.

QSBS planning

Section 1202 qualification preserved from incorporation through exit.

Multi-state nexus

Income, payroll, and sales-tax nexus mapped before it becomes a fundraising blocker.

Scope

Startup tax planning topics we cover

  • C-corp vs. LLC vs. S-corp election (Form 2553) for founders
  • Delaware franchise tax — assumed-par method to avoid $80K+ surprise bills
  • Federal Form 1120 and state income tax in every operating state
  • R&D tax credit (Form 6765) and the pre-revenue payroll-tax offset (Form 8974)
  • §174 R&D capitalization and amortization (5-year domestic, 15-year foreign)
  • QSBS (Section 1202) qualification and the 5-year holding clock
  • 83(b) elections within 30 days of restricted stock grants
  • ISO vs. NSO planning and AMT exposure on exercise
  • Sales-tax economic nexus thresholds (Wayfair) by state
  • Estimated tax payments for the corporation and the founder

FAQ

Startup tax questions

When should a startup start tax planning?+

Before incorporation if possible. Entity choice, equity timing, and QSBS-clock decisions made in year one drive seven-figure outcomes at exit.

What is §174 R&D capitalization?+

Since 2022 startups must capitalize and amortize R&D costs — 5 years for US R&D, 15 years for foreign. Even unprofitable startups can owe federal tax because of it.

How much is the R&D tax credit worth?+

Qualifying pre-revenue startups can offset up to $500K/year of employer payroll taxes. Most credits land between 7% and 14% of qualifying R&D wages and contractor spend.

Should I convert from LLC to C-corp before raising?+

Almost always before a priced round. Investors expect Delaware C-corp, and QSBS only starts running from incorporation as a C-corp.

What is QSBS and why does it matter?+

Section 1202 lets founders and early employees exclude up to $10M (or 10x basis) of gain on qualified C-corp stock held 5+ years. It is the single most valuable founder tax break in the code.

When do I need to file in another state?+

When you have an employee, a physical office, inventory, or — for sales tax — cross the state's economic nexus threshold (typically $100K in sales or 200 transactions).

Vetting checklist

Questions to ask a startup CPA

  1. 1
    How many venture-backed or high-growth startups do you currently work with?
  2. 2
    Do you handle R&D credit, §174 capitalization, and Delaware franchise tax in-house?
  3. 3
    What's your monthly close timeline, and what does the deliverable pack include?
  4. 4
    Can you support a future audit, 409A valuation, and equity comp accounting?
  5. 5
    How is pricing structured as we grow from pre-seed to Series A?

Featured Professionals

Featured startup CPAs and firms

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Browse vetted CPAs and accounting firms that already serve venture-backed and high-growth startups.

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Startup Accounting Checklist

The stage-by-stage finance setup founders use from incorporation through Series A — bookkeeping, payroll, tax, and reporting.

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