Real Estate · 8 min read

Landlord Tax Deduction Guide

Rental real estate is one of the most deduction-rich activities in the tax code. The catch: you need clean per-property books so depreciation and expenses tie to the right asset.

Operating expenses

  • Mortgage interest (principal is not deductible)
  • Property taxes and insurance
  • Property management fees and leasing commissions
  • Repairs and maintenance (vs. capitalized improvements)
  • Utilities you pay, landscaping, pest control
  • HOA dues
  • Travel to manage the property

Depreciation — the biggest one

Residential rentals depreciate over 27.5 years; commercial over 39. A cost segregation study can accelerate depreciation on components like flooring, appliances, and land improvements.

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Repairs vs. improvements

Repairs (patching, painting, fixing) are deducted in the year paid. Improvements (a new roof, HVAC, addition) are capitalized and depreciated.

Per-property bookkeeping

  • Assign every transaction a property class or location
  • Keep a per-property P&L plus a portfolio rollup
  • Track capital improvements separately on a fixed asset schedule

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