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Advisory · 6 min read

CPA for Medical Practices: What Services Are Needed?

Medical practices run on insurance reimbursement timing, payer mix, and compliance requirements that a general small-business CPA rarely handles well. Here's what a practice-focused CPA actually delivers.

Core services a medical practice CPA provides

  • Payer mix and reimbursement tracking — revenue recognized against insurance contracts, not just cash received
  • RVU (relative value unit) tracking for physician compensation models in group practices
  • HSA/FSA-aware payroll setup and employee benefits administration
  • Entity structure guidance — PLLC, S-corp election, and multi-owner practice buy-in/buy-out tax treatment
  • Accounts receivable aging by payer, since insurance AR ages very differently than commercial AR
  • Section 179 and bonus depreciation planning for medical equipment purchases

Compliance and industry-specific issues

  • HIPAA-aware workflows for any financial data that touches patient billing systems
  • Stark Law and anti-kickback considerations in physician compensation and referral arrangements (coordinate with healthcare counsel)
  • Practice valuation support for partner buy-ins, buy-outs, or a sale
  • Multi-location or multi-specialty group consolidated reporting
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Tax planning specific to physicians

  • Reasonable compensation analysis for S-corp physician-owners
  • Retirement plan design — cash balance plans and defined benefit options for high-income practice owners
  • Qualified Business Income (Section 199A) planning, which phases out for specified service trades including many medical practices above certain income levels
  • State-specific practice tax issues (professional corporation franchise taxes, gross receipts taxes)

Frequently asked

Why can't a general small-business CPA handle a medical practice?

A general CPA can file a correct return, but usually won't have systems for payer-mix revenue tracking, RVU-based compensation, or the retirement and QBI planning that materially affects a high-income physician's tax bill.

What entity structure is best for a medical practice?

Most physician practices operate as a PLLC or professional corporation with an S-corp tax election once profit clears reasonable compensation — but state licensing rules for professional entities vary, so this needs to be confirmed with both a CPA and healthcare counsel.

Do medical practice CPAs help with insurance reimbursement issues?

They typically track and report on payer mix and AR aging by payer, but claims-level insurance disputes are usually handled by practice management or a billing service, with the CPA using the resulting data for financial reporting.

What retirement plans work best for physician-owners?

Cash balance plans paired with a 401(k) can shelter significantly more income than a SEP-IRA for high-earning practice owners — a specialized CPA models the actual tax savings against plan administration cost.

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